![]() "The bead is made of a mixture of molten glass, iron, copper, water, and salt, ingredients that are thought to shield people from evil." Amulet Ī typical nazar is made of handmade glass featuring concentric circles or teardrop shapes in dark blue, white, light blue and black, occasionally with a yellow/gold edge. The nazar was added to Unicode as U+1F9FF □ NAZAR AMULET in 2018. It originated in Mesopotamia and was first brought to Mediterranean countries through trade. Among adherents of Hinduism in South Asia, when a mother observes that her child is being excessively complimented, it is common for them to attempt to neutralize the effects of the evil eye ( nazar utarna) by "holding red chilies in one hand and circling the child's head a few times, then burning the chilies." The evil eye causes its victim to become unwell the next day, unless a protective phrase such as "with the will of God" ( mashallah in Arabic) is recited. Amulets such as the nazar are used in accordance with common sayings such as "an eye for an eye", where another eye can be used to protect the recipient of the malefic gaze. It is commonly believed that the evil eye can be given in the guise of a compliment, signifying its connection to the destructive power of envy (for one's wealth, beauty etc.). In the Indian subcontinent, the phrase nazar lag gai is used to indicate that one has been affected by the evil eye. In India and Pakistan, the Hindi-Urdu slogan chashm-e-baddoor is used to ward off the evil eye. In Persian and Afghan folklore, it is called a cheshm nazar ( Persian: چشم نظر) or nazar qurbāni (Persian: نظرقربانی). In Turkey, it is known by the name nazar boncuğu (the latter word being a derivative of boncuk, "bead" in Turkic, and the former borrowed from Arabic), in Greece is known as mati ( the evil eye). The term is also used in Azerbaijani, Bengali, Hebrew, Hindi, Kurdish, Pashto, Persian, Punjabi, Turkish, Urdu and other languages. Note the various modifications to the simple traditional form, such as setting the nazar into butterflies or Christian imagery.Ī nazar (from Arabic نَظَر, meaning 'sight', 'surveillance', 'attention', and other related concepts) is an eye-shaped amulet believed to protect against the evil eye. Fotofolio published another wave of Perlorian postcards circa 2004.Nazars (charms against the evil eye) sold in a shop in Quincy Market, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Internet humour site I-Mockery named the card set among the worst trading cards ever created. Perlorian items for the US market included a series of four children's books with text by Suzanne Green and a 1983 set of trading cards by Topps. Marketed as Perlorian in the United States, Tsuda's cat merchandise was popular for a time in the mid-1980s but never reached the heights it had in Japan. Like most fads the initial craze dissipated quickly, but Namennayo items are still being produced and in 2010 the brand celebrated its 30th anniversary. Hundreds of items would be released in a short time, including novelty fake IDs, underwear, and a handheld video game. The poster went on to sell 8 million copies and launched a craze for more items. ![]() ![]() The first item was a poster of Matakichi dressed as a motorcycle gang member with the slogan "All Japan Fast Feline Federation - You Won’t Lick Us!". After a few months he noticed one of them ("Matakichi", named after the dry cleaning business in which he was found) playing with some doll clothes, and the idea for Perlorian was born. ![]() Photographer Satoru Tsuda originally didn't like cats, but in 1979 he took in four tiny kittens he'd found abandoned at a dry cleaner's shop near his home, taking care of them just as a mother cat would. At its height in the early 1980s, Perlorian cats appeared on over 500 different pieces of merchandise. Some of the first Perlorian images featured cats involved in juvenile delinquent behaviour, such as smoking in a bathroom and being in a motorcycle gang. Perlorian photographs feature real cats dressed in clothing and arranged in cat-sized dioramas so they appear to be doing human activities such as camping, going to school, or playing in a rock band. Perlorian, also Nameneko (なめ猫), Namennayo, and Don't Pelorian!, are a brand name encompassing images of cats by Japanese photographer Satoru Tsuda and various spinoff merchandise.
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